Japanese American Internment

Japanese Internment

> Internment

WRA Exhibit - Text of Executive Order No. 9066 - (dead link)
Order that led to the the internment of 110,000 Japanese Americans

The Online Archive of California (OAC)

• Japanese American Relocation Digital Archive (JARDA)
  "Curators from the eight participating OAC members selected a broad range of primary sources to be digitized, including: photographs, documents, manuscripts, paintings, drawings, letters, and oral histories. Over 10,000 digital images have been created complimented by 20,000 pages of electronic transcriptions of document and oral histories."

Camp Harmony Exhibit
"This exhibit tells the story of Seattle's Japanese American community in the spring and summer of 1942 and their four month sojourn at the Puyallup Assembly Center known as "Camp Harmony."
University of Washington Libraries

Colorado State Archives - (dead link)

• Granada Japanese Internment Camp - (dead link)

Conscience and the Constitution
"In World War II, a handful of young Americans refused to be drafted from an American concentration camp. They were ready to fight for their country, but not before the government restored their rights as U.S. citizens and released their families from camp. It was a classic example of civil disobedience -- but the government prosecuted them as criminals and Japanese American leaders and veterans ostracized them as traitors. CONSCIENCE AND THE CONSTITUTION delves into the heart of the Japanese American conscience and a controversy that continues today. Experience the choice faced by any group when confronted by mass injustice -- whether to comply or to resist."
PBS Online

Face to Face
Stories from the Aftermath of Infamy
"...explores what it means to be an American with the face of the enemy [Japanese American in 1941 and Arab American in 2001]. These are real stories of fear, anger, hatred, loyalty and trust."
Sections include: Stories [12.7.41 & 9.11.01 ; Aftermath ; Fear ; FBI Investigation ; Internment ; Anger ; Loss ; Identity ; Being American ; Never Again] ; Responses ; Glossary ; Activities.
- Independent Television Service (ITVS)

Heart Mountain Digital Preservation Project - (dead link)
"...features documents and photographs from the Heart Mountain Relocation Center Collection at the John Taggart Hinckley Library. The complete contents of the Collection will soon be available on this WEB-site and on CD-ROM at the John Taggart Hinckley Library."
Sections include: Photographs ; Documents ; Events ; History ; The Project.
Northwest College, Powell, Wyoming

Heart Mountain Relocation Camp
From the Heart Mountain Wyoming Foundation

The Japanese American Internment
An extensive listing of reports, letters, web sites and web documents.
By John Yu

Japanese-Americans Internment Camps During World War II
An online exhibit from the Special Collections Department, J. Willard Marriott Library, University of Utah, and Private Collections

Japanese American National Museum

• "Dear Miss Breed- Letters from Camp"
  "This digital exhibit highlights the Museum's collection of letters written to San Diego librarian Clara Breed by Japanese Americans interned in World War IIconcentration camps."

Japanese American Relocation Digital Archive (JARDA)
"...will serve as a gateway to the archival and manuscript holdings of numerous California archives and museums featuring online finding aids, digital images, electronic texts and oral histories. JARDA contains personal diaries, letters, photographs, and drawings. The digital archives also contain WRA materials: camp newsletters, final reports, photographs, and other documents relating to the day-to-day administration of the camps. Finally, the oral histories document the lives of persons who lived in the camps as well as the administrators who created and worked in the camps. For the first time, these primary resources -- physically preserved at seven geographically separate repositories -- will be integrated through a single point of access."

Japanese-Americans Internment Camps During World War II
An online exhibit from the Special Collections Department, J. Willard Marriott Library, University of Utah, and Private Collections

Library of Congress - American Memory

• Ansel Adams's Photographs of Japanese-American Internment at Manzanar
  "In "Suffering under a Great Injustice": Ansel Adams's Photographs of Japanese-American Internment at Manzanar, the Prints and Photographs Division at the Library of Congress presents for the first time side-by-side digital scans of both Adams's 242 original negatives and his 209 photographic prints (with the print on the left and the negative on the right), allowing viewers to see his darkroom technique and in particular how he cropped his prints."

Manzanar - America's Concentration Camp
Includes a selection of images
From Mt. Whitney Packers & Owns Valley History [California] Site - (dead link)

Manzanar Portraits - (dead link)
Manzanar Ringo-En

Materials Related to the Japanese American Incarceration - (dead link)
"Included in the collection are such materials as: personal papers and correspondence; photographs; drawings; diaries; camp newsletters and newspapers; transcripts of interviews; official documents, forms and instructions from the United States War Relocation Authority (WRA)"
An inventory and guide for the researcher not an online database
Manuscripts & University Archives, University of Washington Libraries

A More Perfect Union
Japanese Americans & the U.S. Constitution
"This site explores a period of U.S. history when racial prejudice and fear upset the delicate balance between the rights of a citizen versus the power of the state. Focusing on the experiences of Japanese Americans who were placed in detention camps during World War II, this exhibit is a case study in decision-making and citizen action under the U.S. Constitution."
National Museum of American History, Smithsonian

Museum of the City of San Francisco

• Internment of San Francisco Japanese
  Evacuation and Internment of San Francisco Japanese 1942
  Includes a large collection of San Francisco News articles from March and April, 1942.

National Park Service: Confinement and Ethnicity
An Overview of World War II Japanese American Relocation Sites
Publications in Anthropology 74 1999 (rev. July 2000)
Sections include: Essay ; Brief History ; Gila River ; Granada ; Heart Mountain ; Jerome ; Manzanar ; Minidoka ; Poston ; Rohwer ; Topaz ; Tule Lake ; Isolation Centers ; Isolation Centers ; Additional Facilities ; Assembly Centers ; Prisons.

PBS - American Experience - Ansel Adams: A Documentary Film (March 2003)
Companion web site to the TV broadcast.
"...offers insights into American history topics including the closing of the wilderness, the American West, California history, Japanese American internment, the natural environment, conflicts between economic growth and conservation of the American landscape, photographs as documentary historical sources, media literacy, and the role of art."
Sections include: Transcript ; Primary Sources ; Further Reading ; Inside a View Camera ; Adams' Photo Gear ; Art or Document ; Early Hiking Footage ; Timeline ; Gallery ; People & Events ; Teacher's Guide.

Rabbit in the Moon - (dead link)
A Memoir/Documentary by Emiko Omiri
A Companion Web site to the film.
"...a documentary about the internment of Japanese Americans during World War II. You are about to begin a journey that further explores the issues addressed in the film. At points, you will walk in the shoes of various characters from the film and experience the emotional impact of the internment. Other moments will address a more historical and political perspective on this chapter of American history. We invite you to respond to the film itself as well as to the questions and scenarios presented on this site...uncovers a buried history of political tensions, social and generational divisions, and resistance and collaboration in the camps. With fascinating archival and recently recovered home movies, Omori and her older sister Chizuko, who were children when they went to the camps, also confront their own family secrets ñ especially the silence surrounding the death of their mother only a year after the family's release..."
PBS POV Online

Remembering Manzanar
By Chuck Thstlethwaite

"Suffering Under a Great Injustice"
Ansel Adams's Photographs of Japanese-American Internment at Manzanar
"...the Prints and Photographs Division at the Library of Congress presents for the first time side-by-side digital scans of both Adams's 242 original negatives and his 209 photographic prints, allowing viewers to see his darkroom technique and in particular how he cropped his prints."
American Memory, Library of Congress

Topaz Camp
Opened September 1942 in Millard County, Utah
By Jane Beckwith

War Relocation Authority Camps in Arizona, 1942-1946 - (dead link)
"This Exhibit features images from approximately forty photographs taken for the War Relocation Authority and vividly depicts life in Arizona's two camps."
University of Arizona Library's Special Collection

See Also

[British Columbia, Canada] Japanese Canadian Internment
Information at the University of Washington Libraries and Beyond
"The evacuation of the Japanese Canadians, or Nikkei, from the Pacific Coast in the early months of 1942 was the greatest mass movement in the history of Canada."
Sections include: General Materials ; Roots of Racism ; Internment and Redress ; Related Sites.
Introduction by Linda Di Biase, Collection Development Librarian, University of Washington Libraries; bibliography compiled by Linda Di Biase and Douglas Yancey.

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